This trend has accelerated recently as immigration has become the determining factor in comparative population growth. On the other side of the coin, some long-established centres have been losing population for substantial periods. More recently, they have been joined by Alberta. Ontario, Québec and British Columbia have long maintained proportions of urban population at or higher than the national average. Regional VariationsĪn important characteristic of Canadian urbanization is distinct regional variations reflecting the different economic bases of provinces and territories. It is more urbanized than the United States, Norway, France and Germany, but less so than countries such as Japan, Belgium, Australia, Israel, the United Kingdom and Argentina. Statistics Canada defines an urban area as community with 1,000 residents or more.Īccording to the 2014 United Nations report on global urbanization, Canada ranks 40th in the world. In 2011, 81 per cent of Canadians lived in an urban centre, compared to 45 per cent in 1911. The three largest cities are Toronto, Vancouver and Montréal. Over 80 per cent of Canadians live in urban centres. It arises from interacting economic, social, technological, demographic, political and environmental changes. Urbanization is a complex process in which a country's population centres tend to become larger, more specialized and more interdependent over time. Yonge Street subway construction, circa 1950s (courtesy City of Toronto Archives/Fonds 1128, Series 381, File 15, Item 6207-2).
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